Michael Collins :: essays research papers

Michael Collins had a significant influence in Ireland's history after 1916. Michael Collins had been associated with the Easter Uprising in 1916, however he had a moderately relaxed influence. It was after the Uprising that Collins made his imprint prompting the arrangement of 1921 that gave Ireland territory status inside the British Empire. Michael Collins was conceived in October 1890 in County Cork. This region was a heartland of the Fenian development. His dad, additionally called Michael, imparted in his child an adoration for Irish verse and melodies. At school, Michael was educated by an educator called Denis Lyons who had a place with the Irish Republican Brotherhood and the town smithy, James Santry, was a Fenian. He recounted to the youthful Michael accounts of Irish nationalism and in such a domain, Michael grew up with a solid feeling of pride in Ireland and of being Irish. At the point when he was 15, Collins emigrated to London. He functioned as an assistant for the Post Office and he lived inside the huge Irish people group in London. This people group was never assimilated into London's general public itself. There were numerous individuals in London who felt that the Irish undercut the wages paid out to different laborers and numerous in the Irish people group felt shunned. While in London, Collins joined Sinn Fein and the Gaelic League and in 1909, he turned into an individual from the Irish Republican Brotherhood. In 1916, Collins came back to Ireland to participate in the Uprising in Dublin. He battled close by others in the General Post Office. He had a moderately minor influence and was not one of the pioneers who was court-martialed. Collins was sent to Richmond Barracks and afterward to Frongoch internment camp in Wales. He was discharged in December 1916 and promptly returned to Ireland. His objective presently was to renew the crusade to get autonomy for Ireland. Collins was chosen for the official board of trustees of Sinn Fein and he drove a savage battle against whatever spoke to British expert in Ireland - basically the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) and the Army. The homicide of RIC officials brought a blow for blow strategy from the British. Ireland, post-World War One, was a hazardous nation to be in. The more killings that were completed by Collins and the men he drove in the recently shaped Irish Republican Army (IRA), the more the British reacted with like. The infamous Black and Tans and the 'Auxies' were utilized by the British Army to spread dread all through Ireland (however essentially in the south and west).

The Many Meanings of the French Subject Pronoun On

The Many Meanings of the French Subject Pronoun On As a general rule, the cutting edge employments of the French subject pronoun â€Å"on† is a riddle to understudies of French. Conventional techniques instruct that â€Å"on† implies â€Å"one†. Yet, in today’s French, â€Å"on† is generally utilized rather than â€Å"we†. As a matter of fact, â€Å"we† is turning out to be increasingly formal, utilized generally for composing. When talking, we use â€Å"on†. Here is the means by which â€Å"on† works 1. On = third individual particular action word (ilverb structure) The principal thing to comprehend with regards to â€Å"on†, is that regardless of its importance, â€Å"on† will ALWAYS take a third individual solitary action word structure, as â€Å"il† and â€Å"elle†. On doit, on an, on peut... We should, we have, we can... 2. On = one, individuals (you) This is the old clarification for â€Å"on†. Truly, how regularly do you utilize the English â€Å"one† in a sentence? So â€Å"on† is the â€Å"impersonal, the unspecific† subject pronoun, yet look out! It’s not in any manner a similar thing as â€Å"it† in English, which alludes to a thing or a creature. â€Å"On† consistently alludes to an individual. On doit bien chercher - One needs to look carefullyOn peut louer une voiture - it’s conceivable to lease a vehicle In this significance, you could likewise interpret â€Å"on† as â€Å"people†, or even â€Å"you† - not meaning â€Å"you† specifically, yet a vague â€Å"you†... that would be more present day than â€Å"one†! En geì neì ral, quand on a des enfants, on an une voiture - all in all, when individuals/you have youngsters, individuals/you have a vehicle. 3. On = we in communicated in French Watch out however! When on implies we, the action word is as yet a â€Å"il† structure, not a â€Å"nous† structure. Olivier et moi, on est substance - Olivier and I, we are upbeat NOT Olivier et moi on sommes substance. On est, never on sommes. Utilizing on to state we is the most widely recognized method of saying â€Å"we† in French these days. I use it constantly, so do my folks, so it’s incredibly, much utilized along these lines. â€Å"Nous† is increasingly formal, utilized recorded as a hard copy or in a proper setting. Be that as it may, dont misunderstand me, nous is utilized also, you despite everything need to figure out how to conjugate the nous action word structure! 4. On and the descriptor understandings When â€Å"on† implies â€Å"we†, the descriptor, assuming any, will concur in number and sex with the genuine importance of â€Å"on†: so it will be plural without a doubt, ladylike or manly. On est substance - we are happyOn n’est pas treì€s sportifs - we are not lively When â€Å"on† implies â€Å"one, you, people†, or a vague individual, it’s typically manly solitary. Quand on est sportif, on est pas fatigueì  - when you are lively, you are not drained. Be that as it may, you must be shrewd, and remain concentrated on the unique situation. At some point, this vague individual must be female... Quand on est enceinte, on est fatigueì e - when you are pregnant, you are drained How To Train to Understand On? In the event that you are not kidding about learning French, I firmly recommend you locate a decent French learning sound strategy. Composed French and communicated in French resemble two distinct dialects, and you need sound - and somebody who can list the language structure focuses as well as disclose them well - to overcome French. I propose you investigate atâ my own French learning methodâ as well as my article on the Best French devices for oneself learning understudy. For progressively about French subject pronouns, I propose you read my exercises: - prologue to French subject pronouns which will respond to questions, for example, what is a subject pronoun, how to make sense of the subject in French? What does the principal individual plural mean? what's more, other helpful data for you to comprehend the linguistic language French books and educators use. - Singular French subject pronouns for a point by point investigation of je, tu, il and elle. -  Plural French subject pronouns for a point by point investigation of nous, vous, ils and elles. I post selective smaller than normal exercises, tips, pictures and all the more day by day on my Facebook, Twitter and Pinterestâ pages - so go along with me there! https://www.facebook.com/frenchtoday https://twitter.com/frenchtoday https://www.pinterest.com/frenchtoday/

The Communications Decency Act :: essays research papers

The Communications Decency Act      The Communications Decency Act that was marked into law by President Clinton longer than a year back is plainly needing genuine amendments due, not exclusively to its unclearness, yet for the most part because of the way that the legislature is encroaching on our ability to speak freely, may it be foul or not. The Communications Decency Act, likewise know by Internet clients as the CDA, is an Act that means to expel obscene or hazardous content, lecherous pictures, and different things esteemed unseemly from open zones of the net. The CDA is predominantly out to secure youngsters.      In the start, the obscurity of the Internet made it become a sanctuary for the free exchanging of sex entertainment. This is chiefly what gives the Web an awful name. There is likewise data on the Net that could be hurtful to youngsters. Data on the most proficient method to make home-made explosives and comparable information for example, The Jolly Rodgers and the Anarchist's Cookbook are effectively gotten on the Net. Pedophiles (individuals pulled in to youngster pornography) additionally have a spot to stow away on the Internet where no one needs to know their genuine name. As the normal period of the Internet client has begun to drop, it has became obvious that something has to be done about the erotic entertainment and other unseemly data on the net.      On February 1, 1995, Senator Exon, a Democrat from Nebraska, and Senator Gorton, a Republican from Washington, presented the principal bill towards managing on the web pornography. This was the main manifestation of the Broadcast communications Reform Bill.      On April 7, 1995, Senator Leahy, a Democrat from Vermont, presents charge S714. Bill S714 is an option in contrast to the Exon/Gorton bill. This bill commissions the Department of Justice to examine the issue to check whether extra assembly, (for example, the CDA) is even essential.      The Senate passed the CDA as appended to the Telecomm change bill on June 14, 1995 with a vote of 84-16. The Leahy bill doesn't pass, yet is upheld by 16 Senators that really comprehend what the Internet is. Seven days after the fact, a few noticeable House individuals freely report their resistance to the CDA, including Newt Gingrich, Chris Cox, and Ron Wyden. On September 26, 1995, Senator Russ Feingold urges panel individuals to drop the CDA from the Broadcast communications Reform Bill.      On Thursday, February 1, 1996, Congress passed (House 414-9, Senate 91- 5) the Telecommunications Reform Bill, and joined to it the Communications Conventionality Act. This day was known as "Black Thursday" by the Internet people group. Multi week later, it was marked into law by President Clinton on Thursday, February 8, 1996, otherwise called the "Day of Protest.

Toppled from a Shrine Hurstons First Novel - Literature Essay Samples

For hundreds of years, the dominant culture in America has categorically underestimated black southern culture and vernacular, mistaking these segments of American life as largely simple, vulgar, and uneducated; Zora Neale Hurston sought to change those perceptions. One of her most significant attempts to do so is her first novel, Jonah’s Gourd Vine. Here, Hurston often changes the style of her narrative voice, going from a biblical tone in one moment to dry, journalistic writing in the next. She uses this technique to great effect during John’s divorce trial, creating a grand sense of tension that is immediately dashed in the eyes of the prejudiced white judge and jury. Furthermore, she is able to use John Pearson as a trickster from African folklore, putting the same judge and jury at the butt of a joke and making them look like fools for minimizing the complexity and depth of John and Hattie’s relationship. In a novel operating almost entirely within black com munities, John’s divorce trial provides the largest and most significant interaction with white society. With this scene, Hurston uses metaphor, varying levels of diction, and the trickster archetype to demonstrate that white society has categorically underestimated the complexity of black life in the south at this time, and that that white people have made fools of themselves as a direct consequence. In Jonah’s Gourd Vine, Hurston wields her mastery of language and of different levels of diction to promote the value of black culture. John’s divorce trial is one of the best examples of her talent; Hurston jumps, in this instance, from her unobtrusive narrative voice into a prophetic rant about the two-faced members of John’s congregation. She proclaims that there is â€Å"no fury so hot as that of a sycophant as he stands above a god that has toppled from a shrine,† not two paragraphs after talking about potato pones and corn-bread dressing (Hurston, 166). These words are distinctively biblical, not simply in talking about a god but in inverting a traditional word ordering (â€Å"no fury so hot†) to give the passage a biblical diction. This decisive and abrupt shift in language is meant to set up John’s trial as a pivotal point within the story, and it works very effectively. Everything about John and Hattie’s divorce is sanctified by Hurston’s words; it becomes a dire and sacred affair. Even Hattie, the antagonist of the scene, â€Å"was a goddess for a moment† (Hurston, 167). However, the tension and direness Hurston weaves in the pre-trial moments is immediately undone once the white judge takes his seat, â€Å"as a walrus would among a bed of clams† (167). Due to his own racism, the judge is blind to the intense personal drama playing out before his own eyes; Hurston says herself that the â€Å"waves of pangin the room did not reach up to [his] bench† (167). This reality is reinforced even further by the abrupt shift in language once the trial begins. The prophetic voice is gone, and Hurston shies away from almost any descriptive language at all. It’s as if the text itself becomes as blind to John and Hattie’s complex emotional struggle just as the white jurors do. With the divorce trial, Hurston is able to demonstrate that the black culture that white society sees as mundane is in fact rich with emotionality and drama on a biblical scale. By having John Pearson remain silent during his trial, Hurston sets him up to operate in the â€Å"trickster† archetype present in African and African-American folklore. As he explains to Hambo after the trial, he withheld information about Hattie practicing voodoo because â€Å"dey some things [white folks] ain’t tuh know† (Hurston 169). Much like Brer Rabbit from plantation folklore or Anansi the spider from African folklore, John is able to put himself in a position of power over a seemingly more powerful adversary (in this case white society as a whole) by outsmarting his observers through manipulation and secrecy. Furthermore, in the world of the novel, voodoo appears to be a legitimately powerful force; this potentiality is suggested through Lucy’s untimely demise and Johnâ⠂¬â„¢s initially complacent attitude toward his marriage with Hattie. By choosing to withhold the details of Hattie’s conjuring from the court, John is quite literally protecting a powerful form of magic from people who would not be able to understand nor control it. In this case voodoo serves as a metaphor, suggesting that there are incredibly valuable and powerful aspects of black folk culture that most of white society could not hope to comprehend. John acting as a trickster character in this setting inevitably puts the white jury members and judge, as well as all who underestimate black culture, at the brunt of the joke. In the eyes of the reader, this tactic severely undercuts the court members’ perceived sense of cultural superiority, making them the stupid ones in the scenario. Through Jonah’s Gourd Vine, Hurston is able to turn racism into something that makes its perpetrators appear foolish. She rejected the idea of eschewing black stereotypes in favor of white cultural norms, instead choosing to promote the aspects of African-American culture that much of white society incorrectly viewed as primitive. As she stated in her essay, â€Å"How It Feels to Be Colored Me,† Hurston is not â€Å"tragically colored. This idea is largely seen as a response to W. E. B. Du Bois’ theory of double consciousness, the idea that African Americans are divided in their identity between being black and being American. Rather than fit a predefined mold of what being â€Å"American† meant, Hurston chose to redefine those terms through glorifying and illustrating the beauty of everyday life for black Americans, thereby creating a new definition of American identity.

Effective Communication in the Business Meetings - 2164 Words

Effective Communication in Business Meetings The great management guru Peter Drucker once said, â€Å"Business communication is all about understanding what has not been said.† Especially today business communication is one of important factors to be successful in the changeling business environment because during opened working environment one can meet lots of others for discussing but how to make an effective communication in business meetings? There are some of factors to impact deeply on result of an effective communication in the business meetings as clear goal or objective, careful planning, use materials, communication skills and conflict management. People may ignore to be involved in meetings, if they know their time will not be†¦show more content†¦The fourth resource is research methodology. Appropriate methodology is taking short time to find out the needed information. Pullin (2010, Oct) states â€Å"the research methodology was qualitative in nature and , to ensure scientific rigor, a multi-method approach was taken in collecting and analyzing the data† (p. 460). The fifth source is other people. In order to accurately use other people as a source is also a shortest way to help presenter receiving needed information for meeting, but presenter should clarify the provided information as doing an informational interview with the person. Research can make the presenter feel more confident in communicating the presentation, and as a result, the presentation will be more powerful. â€Å"The vital elements of the communication process are the source, encoding, the message, the medium, decoding, the receiver, and feedback. An understanding of those components can help you design effective conversation communication programs† (Jacobson, 2009, p. 12). Those components will be handled easily by effective communication skills, which are essential in conducting a successful business meeting. Communication is an art which is not mastered by all so an effective communicator should be taken clearly when sending or receiving the messages. â€Å"Effective communication is one where you are able to send and receiveShow MoreRelatedThe Relationship Between Effective Communication And Organizational Efficiency1123 Words   |  5 Pagesrelationship between effective communication and organizational efficiency, showing in particular how communication barriers may impact adversely on an organisation. This essay will focus on the relationship between effective communication and organizational efficiency, highlighting the main barriers in communication and their consequences. In order to facilitate the understanding of this relationship, it is very important to comprehend the purpose of communication in business and the meaningRead MoreBusiness1647 Words   |  7 Pagespresenting a quarterly sales information meeting to a group of stakeholders, including managers, salespeople, and customers. I will discuss what communication channels would be appropriate for this meeting and what are some of the considerations that I need to keep in mind given the diversity of the audience attending the meeting. Then I will discuss how I would ensure that my message is effective to the group attending this meeting. To make an effective presentation I would need to learn who myRead MoreEffective Communication And Good Leadership Skills1340 Words   |  6 Pages Managers or leaders for such task are responsible for successful communication and understanding of messages with each and every attendee involved. A person having good leadership skills but lack in skills of communication will never be preferred in any industry for conduction and delivering meetings and speeches or any other sort of public communication. Effective communication skills are necessary not only in business meetings but also in several other private and public relations including hospitalsRead MoreThe Importance of Effective Team Communication and How It Is Achieved1313 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: THE IMPORTANCE OF TEAM COMMUNICATION The Importance Of Effective Team Communication and How It Is Achieved Janette L. North-Kabore University of Phoenix References Internal Communication - Getting Your Companys Brand Across to Your Employees. (2009, February 17). Retrieved from http://www.teambuildingtips.com/team-building-articles/team-communication/internal-communication---getting-your-companys-brand-across-to-your-employees.html Introduction To Teams. (n.d.). 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John Lewis is a Public Limited Company, this means that anyone with the right capital can buy (or sell) their sharesRead MoreCase Study : Business Practice, Work Orientation, And The Human Resource Management1310 Words   |  6 PagesSnemps Consulting Firm has been in business since 2001, we are located at 400 East Avenue in Warwick, RI. For over 15 years we have continuously strived for excellence. We pride ourselves on providing the most up to date technology and techniques. We approach every client as if it were one of our own. We believe our company should be more than just an advisor. We offer a full service training program including coaching, implementing effective tools to resolve and cope with conflict with the most

Social Class And The Hidden Curriculum Of Work By Jean Anyon

In the article â€Å"Social Class and the Hidden Curriculum of Work† by Jean Anyon. She argues that there is a serious gap in quality and level of education in the public school system. The gap widens as you progress up from working class to middle class and on through affluent professional to executive elite. Based on her research I would have to agree with her. Anyons research revealed that the working class students are not given the same opportunities to learn as students in the other classes. Whether it be by the teacher editing the curriculum because as one teacher in Anyons article said â€Å"Simple punctuation is all they’ll ever use†. This points to a problem with quality of teachers and their attitude more than a problem with curriculum.†¦show more content†¦All this information goes more to proving that the real problem is that the lower classes are more often stuck with teachers that are not motivated enough to teach students the complete curriculum because they don’t believe the children will amount to anything more than their parents.The lack of motivation could be caused by their low pay, crowded schools or maybe the location affects the students and teachers to a point that eventually no one cares and this compounds over the years. Creativity or the lack of encouraging creativity can be seen decli ning as you get lower in the class level in Anyons research. She states â€Å"Work tasks do not usually request creativity† and â€Å"Creativity is not often requested in social studies and Science projects†. In an article entitled â€Å"The Impact of Creativity on the Brain† by Judy Willis M.D; M.E.D posted on the website Radtech.com. â€Å"Neuroscience and cognitive science research are increasingly providing information that correlates creativity with intelligence; academic, social, and emotional success; and the development of skill sets and the highest information processing (Executive functions)†. This basically states that if creativity is encouraged then the upper intelligence functions of students are developed which includes social and emotional success. Which shows that if you stifle creativity you basically limit theShow MoreRelatedSocial Class And The Hidden Curriculum Of Work By Jean Anyon1447 Words   |  6 PagesIn the article â€Å"F rom Social Class to the Hidden Curriculum of Work,† written by Jean Anyon, he argues that the working-class and affluent communities both receive a learning-based education, the working-class lacks the fundamentals. Supporting this claim is Diane Ravitch in â€Å"The Essentials of a Good education† stating affluent communities provide classes beyond the essentials, including extra-curricular classes and activities with well-equipped material for their children to obtain. ContrastivelyRead MoreJean Anyon s Social Class And The Hidden Curriculum Of Work1245 Words   |  5 PagesJean Anyon’s â€Å"Social Class and the Hidden Curriculum of Work† What does social class mean? Social class means a division of a society based on social and economic status. Now, what does hidden curriculum mean? Hidden Curriculum means a side effect of education, such as norms, values and beliefs in the classroom. Accordingly, Jean Anyon’s, author of â€Å"Social Class and the Hidden Curriculum of Work† claims that each and every social class has it’s own very different way of teaching in schools. AnyonRead More Social Class and Quality of Education Essay1197 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the concerns regarding social justice in education is that there are marginalised groups within society do not having equal access to the learning and life opportunities that they deserve. The concept of social justice stresses that every individual within society is entitled to have equal rights and opportunities. This means that an individual from a lower class background deserves the same opportunities as a person from a wealthier backgro und. It is about becoming aware and recognising thatRead MoreThe Impact Of Curriculum On Their Intended Beneficiaries842 Words   |  4 Pagesdescribed in the readings of Jean Anyon and John Taylor Gatto. American Citizens success is directly correlated to the quality of education they receive. The quality of education changes with location, and location is determined by income. Even if by chance an individual is able to locate a viable institution. The curriculum may harm a child intellectual growth more than it would stimulate it. John Taylor Gatto argues that standardized curriculum is boring our students, and crushingRead MoreSummarization Of Jean Anyon s Article1275 Words   |  6 PagesSummarization of Jean Anyon’s Article Jean Anyon is a professor at the Graduate Center of the City University in New York and is an expert in educational policy. Her published works consist of Theory and Education Research: Toward Critical Social Explanation and Radical Responsibilities: Public Policy, Urban Development and a New Social Movement. Anyon’s article, â€Å"From Social Class And The Hidden Curriculum Of Work† was first featured in 1980 in the Journal of Education. Her essay regarding teachingsRead MoreRhetoric Analysis: â€Å"From Social Class And The Hidden Curriculum875 Words   |  4 Pages Rhetoric Analysis: â€Å"From Social Class And The Hidden Curriculum Of Work† Many issues in the 1900’s have been affecting jobs, social classes, and student’s education. In particular, fifth graders are being divided by their parents work level. Because this is happening, students will have unequal fairness on the outcome of the education they will receive. Jean Anyon, the author of â€Å"From Social Class And The Hidden Curriculum Of Work,† employs important concepts and powerful illustration to prove thatRead MoreWhat Does Social Class Mean?875 Words   |  4 Pages What does social class mean? Social class is a division of a society based on social and economic status. Now, what does hidden curriculum mean? Hidden Curriculum is a side effect of education, such as norms,values and beliefs in the classroom. Accordingly to Jean Anyon’s, author of â€Å"Social Class and the Hidden Curriculum of Work† she claims that each and every social class has its very own different way to teaching schooling. Anyon states a plethora of s trengths and weaknesses in this article.Read MoreEnglish 1011689 Words   |  7 Pagesis it such an easy word to understand but such a tedious task to accomplish? We come from a society that hands out education easily, however that education comes with a price. Jean Anyon explains this process through her research in From Social Class and the Hidden Curriculum of Work. Anyon dissects the socio-economic class that determines the types of instruction students receive. Through her research one can compare her findings to Mike Rose’s narrative, I Just Wanna Be Average, to be true andRead MoreEssay on Prejudice Destroyed the American Dream1008 Words   |  5 Pagesmultiple discriminations in this country, which make it impossible for everyone to have the same chance to succeed. 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Is There Evidence of Female Participation in the Ancient Olympic Games free essay sample

Women and Sport in the Ancient World Is there evidence of female participation in the ancient Olympic Games? According to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) there have been over 30,923 women participating in the modern Olympic Games over the period of 108 years since the first women participated at the 1900 Paris Olympic Games. At the latest Olympic Games held in Beijing, out of the 11,196 total athletes, 4,746 were women that were involved at the Games. Although female participation has grown, the number of female athletes is still less than half of those participating. Women are still fighting stereotypes that began with the Olympics in Ancient Greece where women were banned from watching and participating in the Ancient Olympic Games. Instead they fought back and held their own Olympic Games dedicated to the goddess Hera. [1] Pausanias who was a Greek traveler and a geographer informs in his book of Elis that women were prohibited in watching the Olympic Games. [2] If women were caught entering the Olympic festival, their penalty was death by being thrown from a precipitous mountain with high rocks called Typaion. 3] Only one known married women called either Callipateira or Pherenike gain entrance to the Games. She was the daughter of Diagoras of Rhodes who was a famous boxer. As her husband was dead, she disguised herself as a gymnastic trainer and brought her son Pisirodos to Olympia to compete. Pisirodos was victorious and as excited as Callipateira was, she jumped over the enclosure in which they kept the trainer and enclosed herself which relieved her sex. The authorities let her go unpunished out of respect for her father, her brothers and her son, all of whom had won at the Olympic Games. For the future trainers, a law was passed that required them to strip before entering the arena. We don’t know whether Callipateira was the first mother to attend the Olympia but since she was discovered, she was responsible for the failure of other mothers sneaking in. She might be the last mother at the ancient Olympics Games. [4] Even though Pausanias stated that women were prohibited from attending the Olympic Games, unmarried women were allowed to watch the Games so their fathers could find them a suitable husband. Women were not allowed to complete in the Games but that didn’t stop them participating indirectly. When equestrian events were added, women were allowed to own competing chariot teams and individual horses, but couldn’t ride the horses or guide the team themselves. The first was Kyniska, daughter of King Archidanos of Sparta. Her brother Agesilios convinced her to enter one of the chariot races to prove that victory in equestrian events was a result of wealth and not skill. Pausanias stated that Kyniska had always dreamed to win an Olympic victory which she was able to accomplish and in celebration of the event she set up two bronze monuments representing chariots, a small one in the antechamber of the temple of Zeus, and a larger one in the grounds of the Altis. Part of the inscribed base of the larger monument has been found and it read: [5] â€Å"Sparta’s kings were fathers and brothers of mine, But since with my chariot and storming horses I, Kyniska, Have won the prize, I place my effigy here And proudly proclaim That of all Grecian women I first bore the crown† (Swadding 2000, p. 43). Athletes in Ancient Greece were considered a male domain. Yet there was an exception for unmarried women. They held their own Olympic festival at the Olympia called the Heraea Games in honor of the Goddess Hera sister-wife of Zeus. It was only celebrated every four years but with only one type of event – footrace organized. It was categorized into three separate contests for virgin girls of different age groups: the youngest first, the slightly older ones next, and then the oldest virgins final. 6] The race was held at the Olympic Stadium, but for women the track was shortened by one-sixth making it over the 160 metres. One could assume that women could run 180 metres without having to shorten the race to 160 metres. But maybe it was the Greek male’s view that women were by nature inferior to men. The winners of the race were rewarded with a crown of olives like the victors of the Olympics a nd they also received a portion of a cow sacrificed to Hera. The winners of the race were allowed to dedicate statues of themselves so the victors had the privilege of setting up their images in the temple of Hera. Religious conservatism was probably the reason why no other competitions were ever introduced for women at the Olympia even though most of the major Greek games included women’s events. However women raised in Sparta were encouraged to be athletes where they were trained in the same athletic events as men because Spartans believed tough, strong mothers produced good Spartan soldiers. Even Plato advocated running and sword-fighting for women. We don’t know whether women participated in other events besides the foot-race but eventually the Heraea Games discontinued about the time the Romans conquered Greece. [7] In conclusion, women of modern society have the freedom to do what they want to compared to women from Ancient Greece. Ancient Greek married women were forbidden to watch or participate in the Olympic Games or they were sentenced to death. There hasn’t been any evidence of women being thrown to death by being caught at the Ancient Games. Today women are competing at the Olympic Games but it hasn’t always been smooth sailing. Even though women first competed at the Olympic Games in 1900, the number of events were strictly limited to tennis and in 1904 to archery. Slowly the contest open to women increased but for many years the longest running event was the 3,000 metre run and it wasn’t until 1984 that the women’s marathon was introduced at the Games. I believe that women participating in the Olympic Games has come a long way from Ancient times. Even though the founder of the Modern Olympic Games Pierre de Coubertin disapproved of women participating, unless they could play every sport as well as men, I believe women could have played every sport as well as men if they were given the opportunity. Women should be proud of their achievements and what they have accomplished throughout the Ancient and Modern Olympic Games. Reference: Scanlon, T, 2002, Eros and Greek Athletics, Oxford University Press, USA. Swadding, J, 2002, The Ancient Olympic Games, 2nd edn, University of Texas Press.

The Universe in a Nutshell Review Essay Example

The Universe in a Nutshell Review Paper Essay on The Universe in a Nutshell By the way, the scientific methodology in Herm is not on top, not at the level as it the theoretical concepts that would have been possible if it was a little deeper theoretical and not simply popularized. Here is a fragment of an interview with another theorist:. In fact, there is an objective coincidence, there is an objective probability So, the collapse of determinism, then chaos, nothing, etc. But in reality, what about matter is that the need for a pure form.? exists, but only in the form of accident Why the need for random display of a coincidence is a manifestation of the need The need is only possible chance and therefore random, and there is some necessary prerequisite -.? well, yes, but specific expressed . I do not predestined We come, that there is a relative predestined in the same quantum mechanics -. On the one hand, the same people said that there is no pattern, on the other hand -. Strict laws there are such laws ie which allow to anticipate?.. because there is pred estined. But what? not srl, a relative, a probability. So dialectic and shows how to combine. I read an article recently very major theoretician, who is deaf, mute, one finger writes there, I forgot how to it well, there a very major theoretician, he was head of the department, which is in charge of the Newton. Many of his books today from afar, and now he lectures, whether permanently predetermined felts so, do not, it can not in any way. But in general, it seems predestined. And yet he does not see how it could be accidental necessary.

Music Masterpiece By Kings Singers And History Of Music By String

Music Masterpiece By Kings Singers And History Of Music By String Music Masterpiece By King's Singers And History Of Music By String Fever – Term Paper Example The King’s Singers: Masterpiece The King’s Singers is a very entertaining acapella group with a wonderful talent for creating a humorous bend on a topic. In this instance, they used the history of music as a theme, recreating styles reminiscent of chronological eras of music with the lyrics being very straight forward without description but rather most often the name of the composer who exemplified the period. The audience was very amused with the use of the Beethoven’s name as the music itself was intense and was punctuated by the use of it in interesting uses of the dark themes that can be found in his work. One of the more interesting moments was when the music fell to the Claude Debussy tribute. The tones were amazingly docile with the dissonant harmonies melodiously resonating with the beauty of Debussy’s work. Of course, it could not stay too serious as one of the group broke away to sing along, as the others stood by embarrassed, a bit of Wagner. S tring Fever and their creation of The History of Music was amusing as well, but did not quite match the brilliance of the singers. The beauty of the music was clear, but the humor did not translate quite as quickly. The electric cellist was compelling, especially when he fell into a pizzicato during the theme to 2010, which then transitioned beautifully into the next piece. A little bit of Scott Joplin was a joy to here, then soon music from the Sound of Music could be heard, along with some Cole Porter. The History of Music couldn’t be complete without a little Elvis and the Beatles. My favorite was the of course, when Another Bites the Dust could be heard. However, Michael Jackson’s Billy Jean was a lot of fun to hear as well as the Theme from Psycho. All in all, the music from both groups was compelling and held the amused interest of the listener. I found the singers to have a stronger performance, although the string quartet were quite amazing as well. This type of playfulness is a wonderful way to experience music.

The Psychological Context of Bystanders Apathy Case Study

The Psychological Context of Bystanders Apathy - Case Study Example The major point of the discussions was the behavior the witnesses showed during such a terrible incident. But questions arise in the psychological context as to how these witnesses perceived the scenes (the cognitive aspect), what are their behaviors in response to what they saw (behaviorist point of view), and what was the reasons for such behaviors (the psychodynamics). In the cognitive viewpoint, Hofstetter (1997) mentioned that the reaction of human beings on a certain event is based on perception, thought, and memory. In this case, the witnesses were looking at the event individually and each one just saw a portion of the event. Judgment on what was currently seen would be based on past events or similar and relevant events. This means that the reaction was based on what had been learned from the past. Since most of the witnesses did not actually saw the brutal part of stabbing, or as one witness analyzed was hitting, they considered it a kind of lover’s quarrel that has no cause for alarm. Only the witnesses that saw the harsh part reacted by shouting and calling the police. The reaction was based on available information and not a show of unconcern. In a psychodynamic point, granting the witnesses really perceived the event unfolding in their eyes was a murder, whether they saw it in part or in whole, the reaction was a result of the feelings not to be involved. Getting involved in such an event would complicate things and therefore being silent means getting away from any responsibilities and burden. There are emotional connections with the decisions not to be involved. It can be fear, anxiety, fatigue, or other factors. This type of bystander’s reactions to a situation differs when they are in a group than when they saw it individually (Silk, 2005)

Ultrasonography in Breast Cancer Research Paper - 1

Ultrasonography in Breast Cancer - Research Paper Example ult, the clinically breast lesions suspected in women who are 30 years of age or younger than that, and evaluation of the abnormalities that are seen on mammograms1. This shows that the ultrasonography is a step taken later than the mammography as it evaluates the results on the mammograms and images them. In fact, the imagers of breast cancers also believe that ultrasonography is used as the primary modality to evaluate the palpable masses seen in women older than 30 years of age and mammography, also, is an adjunctive technique. Since ultrasonography is primarily used as the evaluating step, it also helps in the guidance of biopsies, surgeries and other therapeutic procedures. The evaluating role of ultrasonography has started being used in the treatment and guidelines of breast cancer, but the research on its role in cancer screening is still not confirmed, but studies have shown several aspects to the issue. The role of ultrasonography has developed and matured over time, otherwise initially it was considered as a method which was comparatively cheaper and effective in identifying the cystic breast masses and differentiating them from the solid masses. As the research study advanced, it was established that ultrasonography is not only a method to differentiate, rather it also was useful in providing valuable information and evaluation of the nature of the solid masses and other breast lesions along with the extent to which they are present. This meant that it was an effective and an important technique in evaluating, analyzing and treating the breast cancer2. The technique of ultrasonography does not involve exposing the cancer patient to the ionizing radiation, which, according to the studies, is a factor which is more important for pregnant and young patients. For ultrasonography, the medical studies say that the patients cannot be exposed to radiation because their breasts are sensitive for radiation. This means that comparing mammography with

Property, Plant And Equipment Essay Example for Free

Property, Plant And Equipment Essay Items of property, plant, and equipment should be recognised as assets when it is probable that: [IAS 16.7] it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the asset will flow to the entity, and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably. This recognition principle is applied to all property, plant, and equipment costs at the time they are incurred. These costs include costs incurred initially to acquire or construct an item of property, plant and equipment and costs incurred subsequently to add to, replace part of, or service it. IAS 16 does not prescribe the unit of measure for recognition – what constitutes an item of property, plant, and equipment. [IAS 16.9] Note, however, that if the cost model is used (see below) each part of an item of property, plant, and equipment with a cost that is significant in relation to the total cost of the item must be depreciated separately. [IAS 16.43] IAS 16 recognises that parts of some items of property, plant, and equipment may require replacement at regular intervals. The carrying amount of an item of property, plant, and equipment will include the cost of replacing the  part of such an item when that cost is incurred if the recognition criteria (future benefits and measurement reliability) are met. The carrying amount of those parts that are replaced is derecognised in accordance with the derecognition provisions of IAS 16.67-72. [IAS 16.13] Also, continued operation of an item of property, plant, and equipment (for example, an aircraft) may require regular major inspections for faults regardless of whether parts of the item are replaced. When each major inspection is performed, its cost is recognised in the carrying amount of the item of property, plant, and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. If necessary, the estimated cost of a future similar inspection may be used as an indication of what the cost of the existing inspection component was when the item was acquired or constructed. [IAS 16.14] Initial Measurement An item of property, plant and equipment should initially be recorded at cost. [IAS 16.15] Cost includes all costs necessary to bring the asset to working condition for its intended use. This would include not only its original purchase price but also costs of site preparation, delivery and handling, installation, related professional fees for architects and engineers, and the estimated cost of dismantling and removing the asset and restoring the site (see IAS 37, Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets). [IAS 16.16-17] If payment for an item of property, plant, and equipment is deferred, interest at a market rate must be recognised or imputed. [IAS 16.23] If an asset is acquired in exchange for another asset (whether similar or dissimilar in nature), the cost will be measured at the fair value unless (a) the exchange transaction lacks commercial substance or (b) the fair value of neither the asset received nor the asset given up is reliably measurable. If the acquired item is not measured at fair value, its cost is measured at the carrying amount of the asset given up. [IAS 16.24] Measurement Subsequent to Initial Recognition IAS 16 permits two accounting models: Cost Model. The asset is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. [IAS 16.30] Revaluation Model. The asset is carried at a revalued amount, being its fair value at the date of revaluation less  subsequent depreciation and impairment, provided that fair value can be measured reliably. [IAS 16.31] The Revaluation Model Under the revaluation model, revaluations should be carried out regularly, so that the carrying amount of an asset does not differ materially from its fair value at the balance sheet date. [IAS 16.31] If an item is revalued, the entire class of assets to which that asset belongs should be revalued. [IAS 16.36] Revalued assets are depreciated in the same way as under the cost model (see below). If a revaluation results in an increase in value, it should be credited to other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity under the heading revaluation surplus unless it represents the reversal of a revaluation decrease of the same asset previously recognised as an expense, in which case it should be recognised as income. [IAS 16.39] A decrease arising as a result of a revaluation should be recognised as an expense to the extent that it exceeds any amount previously credited to the revaluation surplus relating to the same asset. [IAS 16.40] When a revalued asset is disposed of, any revaluation surplus may be transferred directly to retained earnings, or it may be left in equity under the heading revaluation surplus. The transfer to retained earnings should not be made through the income statement (that is, no recycling through profit or loss). [IAS 16.41] Depreciation (Cost and Revaluation Models) For all depreciable assets: The depreciable amount (cost less residual value) should be allocated on a systematic basis over the assets useful life [IAS 16.50]. The residual value and the useful life of an asset should be reviewed at least at each financial year-end and, if expectations differ from previous estimates, any change is accounted for prospectively as a change in estimate under IAS 8. [IAS 16.51] The depreciation method used should reflect the pattern in which the assets economic benefits are consumed by the entity [IAS 16.60]; The depreciation method should be reviewed at least annually and, if the pattern of consumption of benefits has changed, the depreciation method should be changed prospectively as a change in estimate under IAS 8. [IAS 16.61] Depreciation should be charged to the income statement, unless it is included in the carrying amount of another asset [IAS 16.48]. Depreciation  begins when the asset is available for use and continues until the asset is derecognised, even if it is idle. [IAS 16.55] Recoverability of the Carrying Amount IAS 36 requires impairment testing and, if necessary, recognition for property, plant, and equipment. An item of property, plant, or equipment shall not be carried at more than recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is the higher of an assets fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. Any claim for compensation from third parties for impairment is included in profit or loss when the claim becomes receivable. [IAS 16.65] Derecogniton (Retirements and Disposals) An asset should be removed from the balance sheet on disposal or when it is withdrawn from use and no future economic benefits are expected from its disposal. The gain or loss on disposal is the difference between the proceeds and the carrying amount and should be recognised in the income statement. [IAS 16.67-71] If an entity rents some assets and then ceases to rent them, the assets should be transferred to inventories at their carrying amounts as they become held for sale in the ordinary course of business. [IAS 16.68A] Disclosure For each class of property, plant, and equipment, disclose: [IAS 16.73] basis for measuring carrying amount   depreciation method(s) used useful lives or depreciation rates gross carrying amount and accumulated depreciation and impairment losses reconciliation of the carrying amount at the beginning and the end of the period, showing: additions disposals acquisitions through business combinations revaluation increases or decreases impairment losses reversals of impairment losses depreciation net foreign exchange differences on translation other movements Also disclose: [IAS 16.74] restrictions on title expenditures to construct property, plant, and equipment during the period contractual commitments to acquire property, plant, and equipment compensation from third parties for items of property, plant, and equipment that were impaired, lost or given up that is included in profit or loss If property, plant, and equipment is stated at revalued amounts, certain additional disclosures are required: [IAS 16.77] the effective date of the revaluation whether an independent valuer was involved the methods and significant assumptions used in estimating fair values the extent to which fair values were determined directly by reference to observable prices in an active market or recent market transactions on arms length terms or were estimated using other valuation techniques for each revalued class of property, the carrying amount that would have been recognised had the assets been carried under the cost model the revaluation surplus, including changes during the period and any restrictions on the distribution of the balance to shareholders

A Brief History of Tahiti Essay -- World History Essays

Like much of the colonial world, Tahiti and its surrounding islands were subject to the intense brutality and domination of European imperialism. The native people were manipulated, their culture was eradicated, and their freedom was greatly limited as both the French and the British struggled for control over the Polynesian’s 65 inhabitable islands. What makes Tahiti distinctive from the colonial world, though, is the lack of violence commonly associated with independence movements. Instead, Tahiti’s progression from a colony to a territory of limited independence has been, for the most part, rather peaceful due to the area’s unique history and geography. The area known as French Polynesia is spread out across 2,000,000 miles of the South Pacific Ocean. Though, this number in many cases is deceiving due to the fact that only about 6,500 of those miles are land. Tahiti is the largest of the Polynesian’s 118 islands, containing a land mass greater than 1,667 square miles. It is also the area’s most populous region, consisting of nearly 150,000 citizens. The first Europeans arrived in Tahiti in 1767. A year later, the island was claimed for France by explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville. The French, though, were slow to exert their control over the region and, in their absence, other colonial powers, most notably the British, were able to establish dominance. In 1797, the members of the London Missionary Society arrived on the island. Over the next twenty years, these missionaries developed close ties with the Pomares, Tahiti’s most powerful ruling family. Through domination and manipulation, the British missionaries used the Pomares’ influence to eradicate many of the native traditions,... .../historydates.asp> Tahiti. 1995-2002. 12 Nov. 2002. â€Å"Tahiti and French Polynesia: A look at the history and culture of French Polynesia† Tahiti Explorer. 1994-2002. 12 Nov. 2002. â€Å"Tahiti and Its Islands: The History† Tahiti Explorer. 1994-2002. 12 Nov. 2002. Links This link brings its reader to a timeline of dates regarding the history of Tahiti and Polynesia. This link brings its reader to a website designed for tourists. It contains various information about Tahiti. This link brings its reader to a basic website containing historical facts and tourism information regarding Tahiti.

Comparing Kundera and Khaled

Comparing and Contrasting Works by Kundera and Khaled Hosseini The unbearable lightness of being was published in Paris in 1984 by Czech author Milan Kundera. The novel is a mix of genre-defying mix of historical fiction, love stories, philosophy, and experimentation with narrative technique. Set mostly in Prague in the late 1960s, the novel focuses on the love lives of four Czech intellectuals as they struggle with relationships, sex, politics, and the military occupation of their country.The narrator frequently interrupts the story to analyze his own characters and discuss the fictional plotline in the context of the novel’s central philosophy: the dichotomy between lightness and weight. On the contrary of The Kite Runner, the book was published in New York in 2003 by Afghanistan author Khaled Hosseini. The novel is a work of post- modern literature telling the story of how the author grew up and the relationship he had with one of his servant boys. However the similarity he re is the Kite Runner is also written about a time of war for its country while telling the story of the two boys.The author Kundera is unique narrative by presenting himself in the third person, suggesting that he is a character in the story. But he soon confesses to be the author, not the spectator of the fictional tales. He actually proceeds to comment on the characters his own fictional creations and analyze his own novel for us. What he trying to do which we cannot do in real life is disrupts the linearity of time by telling a non-chronological narrative. He achieves this by repeating the same scenes a second or third time. The novel explores the human struggle to give our lives weight despite its necessary and unbearable lightness.The novel itself is the narrator’s attempt at doing just that for himself. Contrary to Khaled is writing is Classical and he speaks as the author telling a story. He also allows the character themselves to define who they are. He does not disr upt the time of telling a chronological narrative. He allows the characters to feel the actually weight of their lives like real life. There is a quote in Kundera book â€Å"novelistic† to you, and I am willing to agree, but only on condition that you refrain from reading such notions as â€Å"fictive,† â€Å"fabricated,† and â€Å"untrue to life† into the word â€Å"novelistic. Because human lives are composed in precisely such a fashion. † (Kundera, The Unbearable Lightness Of Being) both authors are similar in that even though Kundera uses fictional characters and Khaled using real characters. Kundera is saying it is his way of using fictional novel and fictional characters to explore real ideas. Just because my characters are fake, he seems to be saying, doesn’t mean that they aren’t a completely accurate reflection of real life. His novel may be intricately structure and full of artistry but so is life. The novels are different w hen it comes to the plot.Khaled, follows a typical plotline. Khaled uses his characters to serves as the climax as a whole in the story. The events are placed in chronological order. Kundera, on the other hand no typical plotline, the novel features several different, interwoven, plotlines. If you identify a climactic situation for one character in one plotline, it doesn’t necessarily serve as a climax for the plot as a whole. The reason the same events are narrated more than once from different characters’ points of view. You can’t break this story into purely plot-driven stages.The bowler hat was a motif in the musical composition that was Sabina’s life. It return again and again, each time with a different meaning, and all the meanings flowed through the hat like water. â€Å"You can’t step twice into the same river† (Kundera, Milan) Sabina was touched by the sight of the bowler hat in a Zurich hotel and made love almost in tears was that its black presence was not merely a reminder of their love games but also a memento of Sabina’s father and of her grandfather, who lived in a century without airplanes and cars.The bowler hat carries weight primarily because it has recurred. This is exactly why motifs give meaning to an individual’s life because they recur over and over again. This is how we are able to give our lives meaning despite the fact that our life occurs only once. The kite was a motif in Amir’s life. It returns season after season and each time with different meaning. All the meanings flowed like the quote mention above. Amir’s longed for the kite runner contest because it was a chance for him to bond and make his father proud of him. The kite recurs over and over every year.This kite running gave him the chance to make his father finally proud of him when he won the contest that last year before war and things change between him and Hassan. Many years later the kite comes back to help him to reach his nephew. This like Sabina gave his life meaning despite the fact he lives only once. Both books show betrayal from one character to the other. In the Kite Runner Amir betrays Hassan on more than one occasion we see it when he was raped by Assef and the other boys. We see it when he places the money and some gifts under his pillow and tries to convince his father that he stole the items.Tomas betrays Tereza by making all his sexual life to so many women, he makes he and Tereza’s private life public. He violates her privacy. Tereza reads Tomas’s letters. Sabina betrays Tomas when she takes his sock and hides it so he will go home with one sock short. This made Tomas realize Sabina resents his love for Tereza as much as Tereza resents his lust for Sabina. In the book by Khaled there is a quote â€Å"For you a thousand times over† (Hosseini) Hassan used this quote to show his devotion to Amir and that there was nothing he would not do for hi s friend and master, yet unknowingly to him also his brother.His thousand times over was shown when he went after the kite for Amir and it cost him being raped and shamed. At the end of the story you have Amir using the same quote as he and Hassan’s son Sohrab are flying the kite and he noticed a slight nod and smile come across his face. He knew there was no great big change but like spring when it comes it melts the snow one flake at a time; he thought he might have just witnessed the first flake melting.Just like Hassan Tereza would show Tomas â€Å"For you a thousand times over† (Kundera) her devotion and love for him. Even though he cheated on her many times over she stayed with him. She believed he was her soul mate that was why she went to Prague to offer up her life to Tomas. Tomas himself was faithful to Tereza in that he would not let anyone possess a special area which he might call poetic memory and which records everything that charms or touches us, that m akes our lives beautiful.Since meeting Tereza he did not allow a woman to leave the slightest impression on that part of his brain. Hosseini, Khaled. â€Å"The Kite Runner. † Hosseini, Khaled. The Kite Runner. New York: Penguin Group, 2003. 371. Novel. Kundera, Milan. â€Å"The Unbearable Lightness Of Being. † Kundera, Milan. The Unbearable Lightness Of Being. New York: harperCollins, 1984. 88. Novel. Kundera, Milan. â€Å"The Unbearable Lightness Of Being. † Kundera, Milan. The Unbearable Lightness Of Being. New York: Harper & Row, 1984. 59. Novel.

New York City Blackout and mayoral Election of 1977 Free Essay Example, 1250 words

Considering the large number of contestants and the intense campaigns, rivalry was high up in the air. The blackout therefore, provided a conducive environment for the supporters of the different candidates to flex their muscles against each other, enhancing the already poor city condition. These show the negative effects that the blackout contributed to the city. The occurrences in the New York City made the economic situation worse and a financial crisis was imminent (Curvin and Porter 65). To a majority of the contestants, the incumbent Mr. Abraham D. Beame’s leadership over the past term had contributed towards the failing economic situations in the city, and therefore, to them, the election was more of a referendum against the incumbent’s leadership other than an election to choose the next mayor. For the incumbent, it was a time to put "One foot on the wire – his better foot, the balancing foot. † (Colum). The main aspect was what would make the situation better for the residents of New York City. However, the situation for the incumbent was a struggle to fend his stiff competition to enable him makes history as the first mayor in office to lose an election for over half a century just after a single term. We will write a custom essay sample on New York City Blackout and mayoral Election of 1977 or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now With an already bad situation, the incumbents continued stay in office would have effects that are more negative. With the occurrence of the blackout, many argued that Beame’s as a leader had lost control of proving lights on the streets, and even when the unfortunate had occurred, Beame still failed to call on Governor Carey to provide the necessary security required for a city such as New York (Curvin and Porter 143). Despite the cause of the black having been lightning strike, the contestants were indeed â€Å"on fire† (Colum), in their quest for the seat. What is the significance of the blackout and the New York Mayoral elections? The unfortunate situations in New York City had actually started long before the election that only came to make the already bad situation worse. Prior to the elections, the â€Å"Son of Sam† murders had been within the city from the previous year. The main victims were young who were actually a majority of the voters in the forthcoming elections and therefore, such a situation would have a significant effect on the election, considering that the young made a significant percentage of the voters (McNickle 206). One aspect of surprise because of the occurrences was that despite the unfortunate events that the city was facing, voters were never affected from supporting their liberal candidates.